24. Union-Find

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Example 1:

Input: n = 5, edges = [[0, 1], [1, 2], [3, 4]]

Output: 2

Explanation: There are two connected components: {0, 1, 2} and {3, 4}.

Example 2:

Input: n = 6, edges = [[0, 1], [0, 2], [2, 3], [3, 4], [4, 5]]

Output: 1

Explanation: All nodes are connected, forming a single connected component.

Example 3:

Input: n = 5, edges = [[0, 1], [2, 3], [0, 2]]

Output: 2

Explanation: Two connected components: {0, 1, 2, 3} and {4}.

Example 4:

Input: n = 4, edges = [[0, 1], [1, 2], [2, 3]]

Output: 1

Explanation: All nodes are connected in a single component.

Example 5:

Input: n = 3, edges = [[0, 1]]

Output: 2

Explanation: Two connected components: {0, 1} and {2}.

Constraints:

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Time Complexity

O(α(n))

Space Complexity

O(n)

24. Union-Find

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Example 1:

Example 2:

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Example 5:

Constraints:

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